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Szkoły botaniczne Armena Leonowicza Tachtadżjana (w dziewięćdziesięciolecie urodzin) [Botanical scientific schools of Armen Leonovich Takhtajan (on the 90th anniversary of his birth)]
Sergey Glebovich Zhilin
A number of botanical schools in Russia and Armenia owe their existence to the efforts of Armen Leonovich Takhtajan, one of the greatest botanists of the 20th century, during his 70 years of active involvement in scientific research, administration and teaching. His enthusiasm for natural science was aroused in childhood by his father, who had received an agronomic education in western Europe, and he became seriously interested in botany as a schoolboy, thanks to the inspired teaching of his schoolmaster, A. K. Makashvili. Even while still at school he was technically proficient in the collection and naming of plants. Takhtajan received his higher education in Yerevan and Tiflis (1932) under the guidance of N. A. Troitsky and D. I. Sosnowsky, well known systematic botanists. He was soon invited to give courses in botany and was only 28 when in 1938 he became the Head of the Department of Plant Morphology and Systematics at Yerevan University. His knowledge of the flora of the Transcaucasus, especially Armenia, and a very early interest in phylogeny, especially evolutionary morphology and anatomy, lead Takhtajan to the conclusion that the research problems involved could be satisfactorily tackled only on a team basis. Thus, in spite of much difficulty, he managed to organize a Laboratory of Plant Anatomy at the Yerevan Institute of Botany, inviting A. A. Yatsenko-Khrnelevsky from Tbilisi to be its Head. Study of the flora of Armenia became possible only because of a steady increase in the number of workers involved and their gradual conversion to the “new systematics”. This way gradually but nonetheless comparatively quickly in Yerevan arose groups of researchers which can best be regarded as schools of systematics/floristic taxonomists, palynologists and wood anatomists. They were marked by a concern with phylogenetic aspects, invariably considered by Takhtajan in the assessment of all systematic and anatomical data, and this became the main feature distinguishing them from other such schools. The Leningrad/St. Petersburg period of Takhtajan’s research activity began in 1949 and has continued to the present day. He held the professorship of Botany at Leningrad University from 1949 till 1961 and from 1954 till 1988 was Head of the Laboratory of Palaeobotany and Department of Higher Plants at the Komarov Botanical Institute. The basic work on the “Flora of Armenia”, began in Yerevan, was crowned in the Leningrad/St. Petersburg period by the publication, to date, of 9 of its volumes. Work on palynology of recent plants is continued with the involvement of St. Petersburg as well as Armenian students/palynologists. Research on the systematics of higher non flowering and flowering plants has been continued even more intensively than before and throughout the Leningrad/St. Petersburg period, with the addition of the work of Takhtajan’s students in stomatography, palynology, carpology and wood anatomy. The work of the Laboratory of Palaeobotany founded in 1949 by A. N. Kryshtofovich, was changed considerably. A Takhtajan school of palaeobotany was created in St. Petersburg, marked by a gradual intensification of studies in the systematics of fossil plants. Notable also during the last 35 years of Takhtajan’s activity are his efforts to found a Laboratory of Biosystematics, which have yielded positive results in that Takhtajan’s students (and their students) have become proficient in serology, karyosystematics or palynology. As a result, there has been an increase in the numbers of botanists/taxonomists routinely employing these methods (in Yerevan, St. Petersburg, Kiev and Riga).
Słowa kluczowe: A. L. Takhtajan, taxonomy, phytogeography, anatomy, palynology, palaeobotany, history of botany
Strony: 7-17
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Królestwo grzybów na przełomie tysiącleci [Kingdom of fungi on the turn of millenia]
Maria Ławrynowicz
An outline of the history of mycology since the ancient times until 2000 is presented in the article. Etnomycological point of view and scientific interpretation of fungi on cellular and molecular level are indicated. Discovering of penicillin and distinguishing of fungal kingdom focused the attention of scientists and the public on fungi at the end of the second millenium.
Słowa kluczowe: history of mycology, fungi, fungal diversity, etnomycology
Strony: 19-25
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Plastyczność morfologiczna – podstawy genetyczne i ewolucja [Morphological plasticity – genetical basics and evolution]
Anna Wojciechowska
For the last few years, morphological plasticity in plants has attracted growing interest of researchers in many disciplines: from ecologists and physiologists to evolutionists and geneticists. Morphological plasticity is construed as an attribute (or even a specific phenomenon) of plant behaviour, enabling plants to survive in highly variable environments where resources are not homogenously distributed in space. However, there is a lack of agreement as to the genetic basis of this quality, despite its importance for the hereditary mechanisms and evolution of plants. So-called plastic genes loci (the expression of which is dependent on the environment) and non-plastic genes loci (the expression of which is independent of the environmental conditions) are still being searched for and some basic assumption of the plasticity of genetic expression models in the environment is currently tested. On this basis, some models of the evolutionary phenotypic plasticity are constructed.
Słowa kluczowe: morphological plasticity, overdominance, pleiotropy, epistasis, developmental reaction norm, allelic sensitivity, plasticity genes, transduction genes, evolutionary models
Strony: 27-34
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Ekologiczna rola wtórnych metabolitów porostowych [The ecological role of secondary lichen products]
Magdalena Opanowicz
Substances produced by many lichens are assumed to have significant ecological roles. Considerable evidence supporting this hypothesis was found by many investigators. The ecological role of lichen products are considered in four aspects: allelopaty, antiherbivory, light-screening and chemical weathering.
Słowa kluczowe: lichens, lichen substances, secondary metabolites, ecological role
Strony: 35-44
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Procesy mikrobiologiczne towarzyszące glonowym i sinicowym zakwitom wody [Microbiological processes accompanied by algal and blue-greens water blooms]
Teresa Bednarz, Aleksandra Starzecka, Grażyna Mazurkiewicz-Boroń
The development and decline of water blooms are accompanied by different microbiological changes in water and in the bottom sediments. The important element of those is microbial ‘loop’ permitting to transport of organic carbon exuded by phytoplankton to high trophic levels of water ecosystem, via bacteria and heterotrophic nanoflagellata. In the paper the microbiological processes were presented, among others, on the example of summer water bloom of algae in Hiroshima Bay, of spring and summer bloom in Lake Constance as well as spring bloom with share of Nitzschia palea in the Dobczyce Reservoir – submountain dam, built on so” km of the Raba River course (southern Poland).
Słowa kluczowe: water bloom, blue-greens, algae, bacteria, nanoflagellata, phosphataze
Strony: 45-55
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Portrety botaników polskich [Portraits of Polish botanists]
Strony: 57-58
Stefan Jentys
Michaił Zagulskij
Janina Wanda Truchanowicz
Andrzej Jankun
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Rozstania [Obituaries]
Strony: 59-65
Elżbieta Skwirzyńska (1929-1998)
Andrzej Chlebicki, Aleksandra Wieserowa
Wspomnienie o prof. Adamie Jasiewiczu (12 X 1928 – 21 VI 2001) [A rememberance of Professor Adam Jasiewicz (12 X 1928 – 21 VI 2001)]
Zbigniew Mirek
Dr Michaiło Zagulskij (1960-2002)
Alicja Zemanek
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Rocznice, jubileusze [Anniversaries, jubilees]
Strony: 66-68
35 rocznica śmierci prof. dr hab. Zygmunta Czubińskiego [35th anniversary of Professor Zygmunt Czubiński’s death]
Wanda Truszkowska
Pro memoria (Szymon z Łowicza, S. B. Górski, S. Dembosz, W. Pol, B. Namysłowski, J. H. Osiński, J. K. Jakubowski, I. N. R. Czerwiakowski, W. Lubomirski, W. Skłodowski, H. Kowalska-Ryppowa, K. Karpowicz, M. Berner)
Alicja Zemanek
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Sprawozdania ze spotkań naukowych [Scientific meeting reports]
Strony: 68-73
XX Sympozjum Sekcji Fykologicznej w ramach 52. Zjazdu Polskiego Towarzystwa Botanicznego (Poznań, 24-28 września 2001) [20th Symposium of Phycological Section on 52nd Congress of Polish Botanical Society (Poznań, Poland, 24-28 Setember 2001)]
Paweł M. Owsianny
Połączone zebranie Komisji Historii Nauk Przyrodniczych Komitetu Historii Nauki i Techniki PAN i Zespołu Historii Biologii Instytutu Historii Nauki PAN (Warszawa, 9 listopada 2001) [Joint meeting of the Natural Science History Section of the Committee for the History of Sciences and Technology of the Polish Academy of Sciences and the Committee for Studies on the History of Biology of the Insitute of History of Science of the Polish Academy of Sciences (Warsaw, Poland, 9 November 2001)]
Piotr Köhler
Zebranie Komisji Historii Nauki Polskiej Akademii Umiejętności (Kraków, 20 luty 2002) [Meeting of the Commission on the History of Science of the Polish Academy of Art and Sciences]
Piotr Köhler
“Polskie parki narodowe – ich rola w rozwoju nauk przyrodniczych” – Konferencja Jubileuszowa z okazji 80-lecia Białowieskiego Parku Narodowego (Białowieża, 11-14 marca 2002) [“Polish national parks – their role in progress of nature sciences” – Jubilee Conference on 80th anniversary of Białowieża National Park (Białowieża, Poland, 11-14 March 2002)]
Barbara Godzik
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Z życia PTB [Polish Botanical Society News]
Strony: 73-83
52. Zjazd Polskiego Towarzystwa Botanicznego, Poznań, 23-28 września 2001 [52nd Congress of Polish Botanical Society, Poznań (Poland), 23-28 September 2001]
Grzegorz Jackowski
Przemówienie otwierające 52. Zjazd Polskiego Towarzystwa Botanicznego [Address on the opening ceremony of the 52nd Congress of Polish Botanical Society]
Zbigniew Mirek
Łódzkie tradycje upowszechniania wiedzy mikologicznej [Traditions of popularization of mycological knowledge by Łódź mycologists]
Dominika Seta
XVIII Konkurs Dendrologiczny “Znam drzewa i krzewy” [18th Dendrological Competition “I know tress and shrubs”]
Barbara Lech
“Czwartki botaniczne ” w Oddziale Krakowskim PTB w 2001 roku [“Botanical Thursdays” at the Polish Botanical Society, Cracow Division, in 2001]
Jolanta Cabała
Zebranie Sekcji Historii Botaniki PTB (Kraków, 20 marca 2002) [Meeting of the Section of History of Botany of the Polish Botanical Society (Cracow, Poland, 20 March 2002)]
Piotr Köhler
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Varia
Strony: 83-89
Polscy botanicy w historii kultury Estonii [Polish botanists in Estonian history of culture]
Linda Kongo, Malle Leht
Leksykon botaników polskich: 41. Jadwiga (Barbara) Skwara [Dictionary of Polish botanists: 41. Jadwiga (Barbara) Skwara]
Piotr Köhler
Leksykon botaników polskich: 42. Zygmunt Köhler (Koehler) [Dictionary of Polish botanists: 42. Zygmunt Köhler (Koehler)]
Piotr Köhler
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Nowe periodyki i serie [New periodicals and series]
Strony: 90-91
Jan J. Wójcicki
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Recenzje [Book reviews]
Strony: 91-109
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Nadchodzące spotkania [Forthcoming meetings]
Strony: 109-110
Jan J. Wójcicki
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Literatura botanicza
Strony: 111-111
Jan J. Wójcicki
