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Roślina in vivo – kunszt funkcjonalności wzorowanej na procesach zachodzących u zwierząt [Plant in vivo – curiosity of the plant functions as compared with animal processes]
Zofia Starck
All plants carry out fundamentally similar processes, affected by phytohormones and other regulators in spite of diversity of their size, anatomy, morphology and physiology, as well as ability to environmental acclimation. Under unfavorable conditions functions of some organs may avoid stress injury and/or stimulate post-stress recovery. The coordination of processes in particular organs as well as response to internal and external signals will be discussed as well as the role of substances, playing analogical or similar functions in plants and animals as similar ‘tools’ but operating in different systems. In animal organism some of them are called neurotransmitters. However plants are brain-less and mind-less organisms without nerves, blood and immunology systems, so the question is borne where and how plants store information from environmental or internal conditions? Some authors postulate, that plants posses intelligence, memory and possibility to make decision on the basis of the signals obtained. Thus a new biological discipline – Plant Neurobiology is born. Contrary to animals, plants are autotrophic organisms. In the chloroplast they harvest light energy and convert it to chemical energy, accumulated in the ATP and NADPH which are used to assimilate CO2, reduce SO4 2– and NO2 – . If the electron transport chain is disturbed in the chloroplasts and mitochondria, ROS are producing affected plant processes. The plants evolve the mechanism of water and mineral ion transport mostly by xylem, but photoassymilates, as well as other resources and some ions – by the phloem. Conducting bundles may be compared with blood system in animals. Special attention will be paid to the role of phloem as a ‘superhighway of information’, compared to the nervous system, rapidly transporting signal molecules. The sieve tubes also transport various RNA, polypeptides and proteins, transcription factors, phytohormons and other regulators. Phloem also transfers electrical signals, which are much faster transmitted than chemical ones. Transport in the sieve tubes is selective. The phloem plasmodesmata take part in the regulation of loading and unloading processes, perhaps by sorting macromolecules during their passing through them. In the companion cells the expression of many genes takes place and their products are loaded into sieve tubes; therefore they are indirectly involved in the mechanism of phloem transport. The presented data, concerning regulation of plant processes indicates, that they developed very robust, signaling and information processing apparatus of chemical and physical pathways.
Słowa kluczowe: defi nition of life, phloem functions, plant neurobiology, regulators of processes, signals in plants and animals
Strony: 9-25
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Krótkie wprowadzenie do filogeografi i dla botanikow [A short introduction to phylogeography for botanists]
Paweł Wąsowicz
‘Phylogeography is a field of study concerned with the principles and processes governing the geographic distributions of genealogical lineages, especially those within and among closely related species’ (Avise 2000). The article briefly summarizes the most important information on phylogeography and its conceptual background: presents phylogeography as a field of research, shows cpDNA as the most informative molecule in phylogeographic research in plants and introduces the reader to the concept of phylogeographic structure. In the second part of the paper the most important information on phylogeographic patterns in European plant populations is given and briefly summarized.
Słowa kluczowe: phylogeography, population genetic structure, cpDNA
Strony: 27-39
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Endozoochoria – studium porownawcze ssakow drapieżnych i ptakow [Endozoochory of birds and carnivores – a comparison studies]
Przemysław Kurek
Excluding birds, in the endozoochory a great role play carnivores, because significant part of their diet consists of fruits. Considering that fact they may be predicted to be efficient seed dispersers. The most frugivorous families are Canidae and Mustelidae. Fruits are very nutritious supplement of their diet, containing carbohydrates, lipids, minerals, some proteins and toxins. Fruit-eating carnivores realize so-called optimal foraging strategy, i.e. they use most available source of food. There are many differences in morphology, anatomy and foraging ecology between these mammals and birds. Fruits display some characteristic traits to attract potential seed disperser, i.e. they smell intensively or their egzocarp is brightly colored. The exploitation pattern of food resources by fruit-eating animals shows spatial and temporal differences. It varies depending if resource is localized under the canopy or in the gap, on season (time of birds migration, foraging), on weather conditions (cold or mild temperatures in winter), on species and its behavior, etc. The most important quantity and quality differences in seed dispersal by birds and carnivores are: the distance of seed dispersal, quantity of seeds in faeces, ecosystems to which the seeds are transported, effect on the germination capability and seed species composition in scats.
Słowa kluczowe: endozoochory, birds, carnivores, morphology and anatomy adaptations
Strony: 41-50
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Niemieckie źrodła danych sprzed 1945 roku o szacie roślinnej połnocno-zachodniej części współczesnej Polski [German data sources from before 1945 on plant cover of north-western part of present Poland]
Magdalena Ziarnek
The study presents a review of different types of publications related to Pomeranian plant cover published up to 1945. The described area is bordered by the Warta and Noteć rivers in the south, Baltic Sea in the north, Vistula River in the east and Polish-German border in the west. The earliest publications from the 17th c. deal with plants from Gdańsk and Brandenburg regions. The sharp increase in the number of botanical publications have occurred since the 80’s 19th c. This period witnessed publication of original scientific and documentary studies, articles promoting the idea of nature conservation in Pomerania, popular scientific works about the environment, reports on scientific meetings, conferences of scientific societies and trips, reports on the activities of natural science museums, collections and herbariums and biographic entries of Pomeranian botanists. Analysis of these works and finding – currently largely forgotten – German data, may cast a new light on the knowledge of such subjects as history of synanthropic species expansion, dynamics of native species occurrence, information about historical-geographical status of plant species, data about previous stock of rare, endangered or extinct species.
Słowa kluczowe: botanical bibliography, scientific societies, north-western Poland, plant cover, nature conservation
Strony: 51-56
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Portrety botaników polskich [Portraits of Polish botanists]
Strony: 57-58
Maria Skalińska (1890-1977)
Alicja Zemanek
Lidia Dąbrowska (1935-1986)
Piotr Köhler
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Rozstania [Obituaries]
Strony: 59-64
Wspomnienie o Zygmuncie Holcerze (1925-2004) [A remembrance of Zygmunt Holcer (1925-2004)]
Sławomir Florjan
Dr Stanisław Pelc (1931-2011)
Urszula Bielczyk, Wacław Cabaj
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Rocznice, jubileusze [Anniversaries, jubilees]
Strony: 64-90
70. rocznica urodzin dr. hab. Andrzeja Obidowicza [Dr. Andrzej Obidowicz 70th anniversary of birthday]
Ewa Zastawniak-Birkenmajer, Ewa Madeyska
85. rocznica urodzin Dr Anny Hummel [85th anniversary of birthday of Dr. Anna Hummel
Ewa Zastawniak-Birkenmajer
Sesja Naukowa “Bioróżnorodność flor w neogenie Europy Środkowej” i jubileusz 80. urodzin Profesora Leona Stuchlika (Kraków, 2 czerwca 2011) [Scientific Session ‘Biodiversity of floras in the Neogene of Central Europe’ and 80th anniversary of Professor Leon Stuchlik birthday (Kraków, 2 June 2011)]
Ewa Zastawniak-Birkenmajer
Pro memoria (S. B. Jundziłł, A. R. Estreicher, S. M. Gut, I. Rejment-Grochowska, I. L. Kucowa, W. Roeske, A. Kozikowski, J. Panek0
Alicja Zemanek
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Leksykon botaników polskich [Dictionary of Polish botanists]
Strony: 90-98
79. Lidia Dąbrowska
Piotr Köhler
80. Stanisław Bonifacy Jundziłł
Piotr Köhler
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Sprawozdania ze spotkań naukowych [Scientific meeting reports]
Strony: 98-120
IX Międzynarodowy Kongres Aerobiologiczny (Buenos Aires, Argentyna, 23–27 sierpnia 2010) [The 9th International Congress on Aerobiology, ‘Expanding Aerobiology’, (Buenos Aires, Argentina, 23–27 August 2010)]
Danuta. Stępalska, Dorota Myszkowska
Międzynarodowa konferencja “Natural sciences at the beginning of the 19th century, development and links to present-day” poświęcona 250. rocznicy urodzin wielkiego botanika XIX w. Stanisława Bonifacego Jundziłła (5-6 V 2011, Wilno, Litwa) [The international conference ‘Natural sciences at the beginning of the 19th century, development and links to present-day’ dedicated to the 250th anniversary of Stanisław Bonifacy Jundziłł birth, famous botanist of the 19th century (5-6 May 2011, Vilnius, Lithuania)]
Piotr Köhler
XXX Międzynarodowa Konferencja Polskiego Towarzystwa Fykologicznego “Przeszłość, teraźniejszość, przyszłość badań fykologicznych. Ich znaczenie dla człowieka i ochrony środowiska” (Wrocław, 19-21 Maja 2011) [30th International Conference of the Polish Phycological Society ‘The past, present, future of phycological research. Its signifi cation for man and environment protection’ (Wrocław, Poland, 19-21 May 2011)]
Magdalena Łukaszek
IX Ogólnopolskie spotkanie naukowe “Biologia traw” (Kraków, 18-19 listopada 2010) [IX all-Polish scientific meeting ‘Biology of grasses’ (Kraków, Poland, 18-19 November 2010)]
Magdalena Szczepaniak, Beata Paszko
Warsztaty “NECLIME working group on taxonomy of Neogene palynomorphs” w Krakowie, 14-15 czerwca 2011 roku [Workshop of ‘NECLIME working group on taxonomy of Neogene palynomorphs’ in Cracow, June 14–15, 2011]
Elżbieta Worobiec
Ogólnopolska konferencja naukowa “Zróżnicowanie muraw kserotermicznych w Polsce” (Lublin, 2-4 czerwca 2011) [National Scientific Conference ‘Differentiation of xerothermic grasslands in Poland’ (Lublin, Poland, 1-4 June 2011)]
Stefania Loster
Konferencja “Association for Environmental Archaeology” (AEA) 2010 – Kioto, Japonia 30 listopada – 6 grudnia 2010 roku pt. “The Environment and Civilization: Past, Present and Future” (Środowisko i cywilizacja: przeszłość, teraźniejszość i przyszłość) [Conference of the Association for Environmental Archaeology (AEA) 2010 – Kyoto, Japan 30 November – 6 December 2010: ‘The environment and civilization: past, present and future’]
Mirosław Makohonienko
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Z życia PTB [Polish Botanical Society news]
Strony: 120-143
Sprawozdanie z X Konkursu Dendrologicznego pt. “Znam drzewa i krzewy” w Częstochowie [X Dendrological Competition in Częstochowa ‘I know trees and shrubs’]
Agnieszka Stefaniak
Sprawozdanie z działalności Polskiego Towarzystwa Botanicznego w 2010 [Annual Report 2010, Polish Botanical Society]
Halina Galera
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Varia
Strony: 143-145
Mykologia czy mikologia? Stanowisko Rady Języka Polskiego przy Prezydium Polskiej Akademii Nauk – Mycology or micology?
W Pisarek
Głos w sprawie “mykologii” [Vote on ‘mycology’]
Tomasz Majewski
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Ogrody botaniczne i arboreta [Botanical gardens and arboreta]
Strony: 145-157
Słów kilka o Śląskim Ogrodzie Botanicznym w Mikołowie [A few remarks on Silesian Botanical Garden in Mikołów]
Paweł Kojs
Kielecki Ogród Botaniczny w budowie [Botanic garden of Kielce (under construction)]
Stanisław Cieśliński, Elżbieta Czajkowska
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Poezje botaników [Poetry of botanists]
Strony: 158-158
Alfabet botaniczny (fragmenty) Fraszki
Kazimierz Kluczewski
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Nowe periodyki i serie [New periodicals and series]
Strony: 158-159
Bionomina
Jan J. Wójcicki
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Recenzje [Book reviews]
Strony: 159-162
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Nadchodzące spotkania [Forthcoming meetings]
Strony: 162-165
Jan J. Wójcicki
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Literatura botaniczna [Botanical literaturę]
Strony: 165-166
Jan J. Wójcicki
