Zdrowotność jarych roślin krzyżowych a grzyby zasiedlające ich nasiona [The health condition of spring oilseed crops in relation to the fungi colonising their seeds]

Abstract

The research was conduced in the years 1999–2000. The aim of the research was to determine the health condition of overground parts and seeds of the following spring oilseed crops: crambe (Crambe abbysinica Hoechst.) cv. Borowski, false flax (Camelina sativa L.) cv. Borowska, spring rape (Brassica napus ssp. oleifera L.) cv. Margo and oleiferous radish (Raphanus sativus var. oleiferus L.) cv. Pegletta. In all the years of the research alternaria blight was found on the leaves and siliques of spring rape and oleiferous radish and on the leaves and stems of crambe. False flax proved to be weakly infected by pathogens. On its leaves gray mould (Botrytis cinerea) was found in all the years of the research. The disease was found on the siliques only in 1999. In 2000 powdery mildew was found on spring rape and false flax (respectively, Erysiphe crucifearum and E. cichoracearum). The weather conditions affected the intensity of the diseases on the studied spring oilseed crops. Alernaria genus, especially A. alternata was most commonly isolated from the seeds of examined plants. It constituted from 37% (in crambe) to 63,3% (in spring rape) of all the isolates. Of the remaining pathogenic species, numerous fungi of the Fusarium genus (F. avenaceum, F. culmorum, F. equiseti and F. oxysporum) were isolated. They constituted from 1,0% (false flax) to 17,3% (crambe) of the isolates.