Fungal pathogens of the genus Fusarium in winter wheat Triticum aestivum L. protected with fungicides in north-eastern Poland

Agnieszka Pszczółkowska, Adam Okorski, Jacek Olszewski, Joanna Jarmołkowicz

Abstract


Various diagnostic methods were used to evaluate the effect of fungicide protection on the prevalence of pathogenic fungi in wheat grain. Winter wheat cv. Nutka and Zyta was grown during a field experiment established in the Production and Experimental Station in Bałcyny in 2006–2007. The experimental factor was chemical crop protection: epoxiconazole, kresoxim-methyl and fenpropimorph applied at growth stages BBCH 33–35 as well as dimoxystrobin and epoxiconazole applied at BBCH 51–53. In this experiment, microscopic observations and conventional PCR assays were used as complementary methods. The quantification of Fusarium poae DNA by qPCR demonstrated the effectiveness of chemical protection against the analyzed fungal species. Lower monthly precipitation levels and higher daily temperatures intensified grain infections, in particular those caused by F. poae. A significant correlation was determined between the number of F. poae cultures isolated from winter wheat grain and the quantity of pathogenic DNA in grain identified by qPCR. Grain infections caused by F. poae lowered yield and thousand seed weight.

Keywords


wheat; grain; Fusarium; PCR; real-time PCR (qPCR); conventional PCR

Full Text:

PDF

References


Acharya K., Dutta A.K., Pradhan P. 2011. Bipolaris sorokiniana (Sacc.) Shoem.: The most destructive wheat fungal pathogen in the warmer areas. AJCS 5(9): 1064–1071.

Baturo A. 2008. Share of Bipolaris sorokiniana in the infection of spring barley cultivars cultivated in various regions of Poland. Prog. Plant Protection, 48(1): 163–167.

Bottalico A., Perrone G. 2002. Toxigenic Fusarium species and mycotoxins associated with head blight in small-grain cereals in Europe. Eur. J. Plant Pathol. 108: 611–624.

Brennan J.M., Leonard G., Fagan B., Cooke B.M., Ritieni A., Ferracane R., Nicholson P., Simpson D., Thomsett M., Doohan F.M. 2007. Comparison of commercial European wheat cultivars to Fusarium infection of head and seedling tissue. Plant Pathology, 56: 55–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-3059.2006.01458.x

Chala A., Weinert J., Wolf G.A. 2003. An integrated approach to the evaluation of the efficacy of fungicides against Fusarium culmorum, the cause of head blight of wheat. J. Phytopathology; 151: 673–678. http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1439-0434.2003.00787.x

Doohan F.M., Brennan J., Cooke B.M. 2003. Influence of climatic factors on Fusarium species pathogenic to cereals. Eur. J. Plant Pathol. 109: 755–768.

Doohan F.M., Parry D.W., Jenkinson P., Nicholson P. 1998. The use of species – specific PCR – based assays to analyse Fusarium ear blight of wheat. Plant Pathology, 47: 197–205. http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-3059.1998.00218.x

Duveiller E., Kandel Y.R., Sharma R.C., Shrestha S.M. 2005. Epidemiology of foliar blights (spot blotch and tan spot) of wheat in the plains bordering the Himalayas. Phytopathol. 95(3): 248–256. http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/PHYTO-95-0248

Edwards S.G. Godley N.P. 2010. Reduction of Fusarium head blight and deoxynivalenol in wheat with early fungicide applications of prothioconazole. Food Addit. Contam. 27(5): 629–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/19440040903515942

Ellis M.B. 1971. Dematiaceous Hyphomycetes. Commonwealth Mycological Institute. Key, Surrey, England, 608.

Fischer R.A. 1985. Number of kernels in wheat crops and the influence of solar radiation and temperature. J. Agric. Sci. Camb. 105:447–461. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/S0021859600056495

Gerlach W., Nirenberg H. 1982. The genus Fusarium – a pictorial atlas. Berlin–Dahlem. 406.

Goliński P., Waśkiewicz A., Wiśniewska H., Kiecana I., Mielniczuk E., Gromadzka K., Kostecki M., Bocianowski J., Ryma-

niak E. 2010. Reaction of winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) cultivars to infection with Fusarium spp.: mycotoxin contamination in grain and chaff. Food Add

Contam, 27 (6): 1015–1024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/19440041003702208

Hue F.-X., Huerre M., Rouffault M. A., Bievre C. 1999. Specific Detection of Fusarium Species in Blood and Tissues by PCR Technique. J. Clin. Microbiol. 37(8): 2434–2438.

Jarmołkowicz J.K., Olszewski J. 2010. Gas exchange parameters in leaves and ears of winter wheat Tricitum aestivum L. and its productivity under fungicide control conditions. Acta Agrobot. 63(2): 135–147.

Kiecana I., Mielniczuk E., Perkowski J., Goliński P. 2005. Porażenie wiech przez Fusarium poae (Peck) Wollenw. oraz zawartość mikotoksyn

w ziarnie owsa. / Infection of panicles with Fusarium poae (Peck) Wollenw. and mycotoxin content in oat grain.]. Acta Agrobot. 58, 91–102. (in Polish)

Kiecana I., Cegiełko M., Mielniczuk E., Perkowski J. 2012. The occurrence of Fusarium poae (Peck) Wollenw. on oat (Avena sativa L.) panicles and its harmfulness. Acta Agrobot. 65(4): 169–178. http://dx.doi.org/10.5586/aa.2012.035.

Koncz Z.S., Magyar D., Naár Z., Kiss A., Szécsi Á. 2008. PCR-Based Assays for the Identification of Fusarium spp. Originating from Wheat Grain. Cer Res Comm.; 36(4):631–636. http://dx.doi.org/10.1556/CRC.36.2008.4.12

Kriss A.B., Paul P.A. , Xu X., Nicholson P., Doohan F. M., Hornok L., Rietini A., Edwards S. G., Madden L.V. 2012. Quantification of the relationship between the environment and Fusarium head blight, Fusarium pathogen density, and mycotoxins in winter wheat in Europe. Eur. J. Plant Pathol. 133:975–993. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10658-012-9968-6

Kryczyński S. 2002. Podstawy fitopatologii. Fundacja – Rozwój SGGW, Warszawa: 264. (in Polish).

Kulik T. 2008. Development of duplex PCR assay for the simultaneous detection of F. poae and F. sporotrichioides from wheat. J. Plant Pathol. 90(3): 441–447.

Kulik T., Fordoński G., Pszczółkowska A., Płodzień K. Łapiński M. 2004. Development of PCR assay based on ITS2 rDNA polymorphism for the detection and differentiation of Fusarium sporotrichioides. FEMS Microbiology Letters. 239: 181–186. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.femsle.2004.08.037

Kulik T., Pszczółkowska A., Fordoński G., Olszewski J. 2007. PCR approach based on the esyn1 gene for the detection of potential enniatin – producing Fusarium species. Int. J. Food Microbiol. 116, 319–324. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijfoodmicro.2007.02.003

Kulik T., Jestoi M., Okorski A. 2011. Development of TaqMan assays fort he quantitative detection of Fusarium avenaceum/Fusarium tritinctum and Fusarium poae esyn1 genotypes from cereal grain. FEMS Microbiology Letters. 314: 49–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1574-6968.2010.02145.x

Kumar J., P. Schafer R. Huckelhoven G. Langen H. Baltruschat E., Stein N., Subramanian K.H. Kogel J., Nagarajan S. 2002. Bipolaris sorokiniana, a cereal pathogen of global concern: cytological and molecular approaches towards better control. Mol. Plant Pathol. 3(4): 185–195. http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1364-3703.2002.00120.x

Kwaśna H., Chełkowski J., Zajkowski P. 1991. Fungi (Mycota). XXII. PAN, Warszawa–Krakow. 152.

Kwaśna H., Bateman G.L. 2009. Microbial communities in roots of Pinus sylvestris seedlings with damping-off symptoms in two forest nurseries as determined by ITS1/2 rDNA sequencing. Forest Pathology, 39: 239–248. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1439-0329.2008.00583.x

Leišova L., Kučera L., Chrpova J., Sykorova S., Šip V., Ovesna J. 2006. Quantification of Fusarium culmorum in wheat and barley tissues using real-time PCR in comparison with DON content. J. Phytopathol. 154: 603–611. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1439-0434.2006.01154.x

Leslie J.F., Summerell B.A. 2006. The Fusarium Laboratory Manual. Blackwell, Oxford, UK.

Łukanowski A., Sadowski Cz. 2002. Occurrence of Fusarium on grain and heads of winter wheat cultivated in organic, integrated, conventional systems and monoculture. J. Appl. Genet. 43A: 103–110.

Mesterhazy A., Bartok T., Lamper C. 2003. Influence of wheat cultivar, species of Fusarium, and isolate aggressiveness on the efficacy of fungicides for control of Fusarium Head Blight. Plant Disease, 87(9): 1107–1115. http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/PDIS.2003.87.9.1107

Mulé G., Gonzalez-Jaén M.T., Hornok L., Nicholson P., Waalwijk C. 2005. Advances in molecular diagnosis of toxigenic Fusarium species. Food Add. Contam. 22: 316–323. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/02652030500058296

Nicholson P., Simpson D. R., Weston G., Rezanoor H. N., Lees A. K., Parry D. W., Joyce D. 1998. Detection and quantification of Fusarium culmorum and Fusarium graminearum in cereals using PCR assays. Physiol. Mol. Plant Pathol.’ 53: 17–37.

Nicholson P., Chandler E., Draeger R.C., Gosman N.E., Simpson D.R., Thomsett M., Wilson A.H. 2003. Molecular tools to study epidemiology and toxicology of fusarium head blight of cereals. Eur. J. Plant Pathol. 109: 691–703.

Nicolaisen M., Suproniene S., Nielsen L.K., Lazzaro I., Spliid N.H., Justesen A.F. 2009. Real-time PCR for quantification of eleven individual Fusarium species in cereals. J. Microbiol. Methods, 76: 234–240. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.mimet.2008.10.016

Paul P.A., McMullen M.P., Hershman D.E., Madden L.V. 2008. Meta-analysis of the effects of triazole-based fungicides on wheat yield and test weight as influenced by Fusarium Head Blight intensity. Phytopathology. 100(2): 160–171. http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/PHYTO-100-2-0160

Pfaffl M.W. 2001. A new mathematical model for relative quantification in real-time RT-PCR. Nucleic Acids Res. 29(9): e45.

Pląskowska E., Chrzanowska-Drożdż B. 2009. The health status of winter durum wheat grain in relation to fungicide treatment. Phytopathologia, 54: 23–32.

Pszczółkowska A. 2008. Diagnostyka patogenów grzybowych metodą PCR i tradycyjną oraz produktywność pszenicy ozimej (Triticum aestivum L.) w warunkach zróżnicowanej ochrony fungicydowej. Rozprawy i monografie, 140, UWM Olsztyn

Quarta A., Mita G., Haidukowski M., Logrieco A., Mulè G., Visconti A. 2006. Multiplex PCR assay for the identification of nivalenol, 3- and 15-acetyl-deoxynivalenol chemotypes in Fusarium. FEMS Microbiology Letters. 259: 7–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1574-6968.2006.00235.x

Rohácik T., Hudec K., 2005. Influence of agro-environmental factors on Fusarium infestation and population structure in wheat kernels. Ann. Agric. Environ Med. 12: 39–45.

Scheider N., Guo J.-R., Verreet J.-A, Beyer M. 2009. Assessing the intensity of Fusarium-damage in wheat: A comparison of selected disease parameters during disease development and the role of fungicides. J. Plant Dis. Protec. 116 (3), 118–123.

Schilling A.G., Möller E.M., Geiger H.H. 1996. Polymerase chain reaction – based assays for species-specific detection of Fusarium culmorum, F. graminearum and F. avenaceum. Phytopathology, 86(5): 515–522.

Simpson D.R., Weston G.E., Turner J.A., Jennings P., Nicholson P. 2001. Differential control of head blight pathogens of wheat by fungicides and consequences for mycotoxin contamination of grain. Eur. J. Plant Pathol. 107: 421–431.

Šip V., Chrpova J., Veškrna O., Bobkova L. 2010. The impact of cultivar resistance and fungicide treatment on mycotoxin content in grain and yield losses caused by Fusarium head blight in wheat. Czech J. Genet. Plant Breed, 46: 21–26.

Wagacha J.M., Oerke E., Dehne H. W., Steiner U. 2012. Interactions of Fusarium species during prepenetration development. Fungal biology, (in press). http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.funbio.2012.05.001

Watanabe T. 2002. Pictorial Atlas of Soil and Seed Fungi. 504.

Wiewióra B. 2006. Bipolaris sorokiniana (Sacc.) Shoem. – identification, biology and importance in cultivation of cereals. Biul. IHAR 42: 131–139.

Xu X., Parry D., Nicholson P., Thomsett M., Simpson D., Edwards S., Cooke B., Doohan F., Brennan J., Moretti A., Tocco G., Mulè G., Hornok L., Giczey G., Tatnell J. 2005. Predominance and association of pathogenic fungi causing Fusarium ear blight in wheat in four European countries. Eur J. Plant Pathol. 112: 143–154. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10658-005-2446-7

Yli-Mattila T., Paavanen-Huhtala S., Jestoi M., Parikka P., Hietaniemi V., Gagkaeva T., Sarlin T., Haikara A., Laaksonen S., Rizzo A. 2008. Real-time PCR detection and quantification of Fusarium poae, F. graminearum, F. sporotrichioides and F. langsethiae in cereal grains in Finland and Russia. Arch. Phytophalology Plant Protect. 41(4): 243–260. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/03235400600680659




DOI: https://doi.org/10.5586/aa.2013.027

Journal ISSN:
  • 2300-357X (online)
  • 0065-0951 (print; ceased since 2016)
This is an Open Access journal, which distributes its content under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits redistribution, commercial and non-commercial, provided that the content is properly cited.
The journal is a member of the Committee on Publication Ethics (COPE) and aims to follow the COPE’s principles.
The journal publisher is a member of the Open Access Scholarly Publishers Association.
The journal content is indexed in Similarity Check, the Crossref initiative to prevent scholarly and professional plagiarism.
Publisher
Polish Botanical Society