Callus induction and plant regeneration in vitro in Actinidia

Abstract

The dependence of callus induction and organogenesis on auxins (2,4-D, IAA) and cytokinins (BAP, KIN) content in MS medium in Actinidia arguta, A. deliciosa and A. polygama and explants derived from stems, petioles, leaves and roots was investigated. The ability to form callus was good for stem and petiole explants and weaker for leaf and root explants in all three species. The media with low level of 2,4-D (0.01 and 0.1 mg/l) and higher of cytokinins (1.0 and 5.0 mg/l) promoted callus growth and viability. Higher 2,4-D as well as IAA concentrations caused degeneration of calli. The application of BAP was more advantageous than of KIN in the case of A. arguta and A. polygama. Organogenesis was quick and abundant after passage to media with 0.1-5.0 mg/l of IAA and 1.0-5.0 mg/l of cytokinins only in callus derived from stems. Calli from the other explants showed weaker ability to regenerate. The reactions of the three investigated species, differed slightly, the similarities were however, more significant. Shoots regenerated from callus were rooted and the plantlets were transferred to soil.