Morphogenic processes in callus tissue cultures and de novo regeneration of plants in Actinidia chinensis Planch

Abstract

Our experiments have confirmed the considerable disposition of leaf explants of Actinidia chinensis Planch. for induction and intensive proliferation of callus cultures, as well as, a possibility to regulate morhogenesis in in vitro conditions. Under specific culture conditions the morphogenic potential of callus cells of Actinidia chinensis was manifested both in organogenesis and somatic embryogenesis. Organogenesis was represented by induction of adventitious buds and regeneration shoots on the modified MS culture medium (Murashige and Skoog 1962) with BAP in combination with GA₃ (each 1.0 mg. l^-1). Rooting of shoots was successful on modified MS medium containing IBA (0.5-1.0 mg. l^-1). Histological studies of callus tissues revealed their structural heterogeneity. Morphogenic processes in the callus were characterized by the appearance of meristematic zones and vascular elements. The formation of apical meristem, leaf primordia and finally shoot development proved de novo regeneration in callus culture. The obtained results demonstrate a possibility of plant regeneration through indirect organogenesis, which can be used for propagation of Actinidia chinensis Planch.