Flowering of siberian peashrub (Caragana arborescens Lam.) and its forage value to pollinating insects

Ernest Stawiarz, Anna Wróblewska

Abstract


Under the conditions of Lublin (central-eastern Poland), observations were conducted on the flowering of Caragana arborescens shrubs for two growth seasons as well as nectar and pollen production by the flowers of this species was investigated.

The flowering period of Caragana arborescens began at the turn of April and May and lasted for 24 days, while for a single flower it was 6.30 ± 0.79 days. The average weight of nectar, sugars and pollen produced by 10 Siberian peashrub flowers was, respectively: 46.70 ± 8.39 mg, 22.79 ± 6.10 mg, and 4.45 ± 0.34 mg. The nectar sugar concentration amounted 49.60 ± 10.08%. Pollen grains reached average dimensions of 21.94 ± 0.76 µm x 21.52 ± 0.71 µm. During a growing season, one Caragana arborescens shrub can provide on average 101.8 g of nectar, 49.7 g of sugars, and 9.7 g of pollen.


Keywords


Caragana; flowers; nectar; pollen; insect visits

Full Text:

PDF

References


Seneta W, Dolatowski J. Dendrologia. Warsaw: Polish Scientific Publishers PWN; 2012.

Kozłowski S, Swędrzyński A, Zielewicz W. Rośliny motylkowe w środowisku przyrodniczym. Woda Śr Obsz Wiej. 2011; 11(4): 161–181.

Henderson DC, Chapman R. Caragana arborescens invasion in Elk Island National Park, Canada. Nat Areas J. 2006; 26(3): 261–266. http://dx.doi.org/10.3375/0885-8608(2006)26[261:CAIIEI]2.0.CO;2

Gederaas L, Moen TL, Skjelseth S, Larsen LK, editors. Alien species in Norway – with the Norwegian Black List 2012. Trondheim: Norwegian Biodiversity Information Centre; 2013.

Howes FN. Plants and beekeeping. London: Faber; 1979.

Käpylä M, Niemelä P. Flowers visited by honey bee in southern Finland. J Sci Agric Soc Finl. 1979; 51: 17–24.

Mountain MF. Garden plants valuable to bees. London: International Bee Research Association; 1981.

Szklanowska K. Nektarowanie i wydajność miodowa niektórych drzew i krzewów w warunkach Polski. Pszczeln Zesz Nauk. 1978; 22: 117–128.

Larsson HC, Shuel R. Nectar trees, shrubs, and herbs of Ontario. Ontario: Ministry of Agriculture and Food; 1990.

Bodnarčuk LI, Solomacha TD, Illjaš AM, Solomacha VD, Gorovyj VG. Atlas medonosnych roslyn Ukrainy. Kiev: Urožaj; 1993.

Szklanowska K, Dąbska B. Sugars and pollen yield of some trees and shrubs from Fabaceae family. Ann Univ Mariae Curie-Skłodowska Sect EEE Hortic. 1993; 1(13): 103–106.

Pritsch G. Bienenweide. Stuttgart: Kosmos; 2007.

Puusepp L, Koff T. Pollen analysis of honey from the Baltic region, Estonia. Grana. 2014; 53(1): 54–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00173134.2013.850532

Łukasiewicz A. Potrzeba ujednolicenia metodyki fenologicznej w polskich ogrodach botanicznych i arboretach. Wiad Bot. 1984; 28(2): 153–158.

Krotoska T. Pory roku w życiu roślin. Obserwacje fenologiczne w zespołach roślin. Poznań: Polish Scientific Publishers PWN; 1958.

Jabłoński B. Notes on the method to investigate nectar secretion rate in flowers. J Apic Sci. 2002; 46(2): 117–125.

Warakomska Z. Badania nad wydajnością pyłkową roślin. Pszczeln Zesz Nauk. 1972; 16: 63–90.

Demianowicz Z. Rośliny miododajne. Warszawa: Państwowe Wydawnictwo Rolnicze i Leśne; 1953.

Gregory KF, Allen ON. Physiological variations and host plant specificities of rhizobia isolated from Caragana arborescens L. Can J Bot. 1953; 31(6): 730–738. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/b53-055

Dietz DR, Slabaugh PE, Bonner FT. Caragana arborescens Lam.: Siberian peashrub. In: Bonner FT, Karrfalt RP, editors. The woody plant seed manual. Agriculture handbook 727. Washington, DC: US Department of Agriculture, Forest Service; 2008. p. 321–323.

Kim TW. Studies on silvicultural properties of Robinia pseudoacacia growing in Korea. In: Proceedings of 31st international beekeeping congress. Warsaw: 1987. p. 1–13.

Jabłoński B, Kołtowski Z. Badania wartości pszczelarskiej robinii akacjowej (Robinia pseudacacia L.). Pszczeln Zesz Nauk. 1993; 27: 65–80.

Stawiarz E, Wróblewska A. Flowering dynamics and pollen production of Laburnum anagyroides Med. under the conditions of south-eastern Poland. J Apic Sci. 2013; 57(2). http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/jas-2013-0021

Głuchov MM. Miedonosnyje rastenija. Moscov: Kołos; 1974.

Pomomareva EG. Kormovaja baza pčelovodstva i opylenije selskohozjajstvennych rastenij. Moscov: Kołos; 1973.

Ricciardelli D’Albore G, Intoppa F. Flowers and bees. The plants visited by bees and other Apoidea in Europe. Bologna: Calderini Edagricole; 2000.

Lipiński M. Pożytki pszczele. Zapylanie i miododajność roślin. Warszawa: Państwowe Wydawnictwo Rolnicze i Leśne; 2010.

Yoirish N. Curative properties of honey and bee venom. Hawaii: University Press of the Pacific; 2001.

Zhang ML, Tian XY, Ning JC. Pollen morphology and its taxonomic significance of Caragana Fabr. (Fabaceae). Acta Phytotaxon Sin. 1996; 34: 397–409.

Perveen A, Qaiser M. Pollen Flora of Pakistan – VIII Leguminosae (subfamily: Papilionoideae). Turk J Bot. 1998; 22: 73–91.

Qiu J, Sun J. A study on pollen morphology of Caragana Farb. and its taxonomic significance. J Shandong Norm Univ Nat Sci. 2003; 18(1): 85–87.

Polhill RM. Classification of the Leguminosae. In: Bisby FA, Buckingham J, Harborne JB, editors. Phytochemical dictionary of the Leguminosae. New York, Chapman and Hall; 1994. p. 35–48.




DOI: https://doi.org/10.5586/aa.2014.033

Journal ISSN:
  • 2300-357X (online)
  • 0065-0951 (print; ceased since 2016)
This is an Open Access journal, which distributes its content under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits redistribution, commercial and non-commercial, provided that the content is properly cited.
The journal is a member of the Committee on Publication Ethics (COPE) and aims to follow the COPE’s principles.
The journal publisher is a member of the Open Access Scholarly Publishers Association.
The journal content is indexed in Similarity Check, the Crossref initiative to prevent scholarly and professional plagiarism.
Publisher
Polish Botanical Society