Zdrowotność liści i kłosów pszenicy jarej (Triticum aestivum L.) uprawianej po różnych przedplonach [Health of leaves and ears of spring wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) cultivated after different forecrops]

Abstract

The research was conduced in the years 2000–2002. The aim of the research was to determinate the health of leaves and ears of spring wheat cultivated after spring cruciferae plants such as: spring oilseed rape (Brassica napus ssp. oleiferus Metz.), chiiiese mustard (Brassica juncea L.), white mustard (Sinapis alba L.), ole iferous radish (Raphanus sativus var. oleiferus L.), false flax (Camelina sativa L.), crambe (Crambe abbysinica Hoechst.), as well as after oat (Avena sativa L.) as con trol. Spring wheat cv. Torka was sown after: pIoughed stubble cultivated on this field, ploughed stubble and straw, ploughed stubble with straw and 30 kg nitrogen per hectare. During all the years of studies on leaves and ears of spring wheat septo ria of leaf blotch and glume blotch (Mycosphaerella graminicola, Phaeosphaeria nodorum) were found. Brown rust (Puccinia recondita f. sp. tritici) was seen on leaves of wheat only during years 2001–2002. Besides on ears fusarium ear blight (Fusarimn sp.) was present in 2002 and sooty mould (Cladosporium sp., Alternaria sp.) in 2001. According to health of overground parts of plants the good forecrops to spring wheat were oat, chinese mustard, oleiferous radish. The biggest impact on presence of diseases of leaves and ears had the weather during years of studies. The use of after harvest rests didn't have significant influence on health of leaves and ears of spring wheat.