Email this article Weed infestation of winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) under the conditions of application of some retardants
Abstract
A field study was conducted in the period 2004–2007 on grey-brown podzolic soil (sandy). This study analysed the relationship between the use of stem shortening in cereals by means of retardants with the following active substances: chlormequat chloride (Antywylegacz Płynny 675 SL), trinexapac-ethyl (Moddus 250 EC), chlormequat chloride + ethephon (Cecefon 465 SL), and weed infestation. The retardants were applied at the 1st node stage (BBCH 31 – Antywylegacz Płynny 675 SL) and the 2nd node stage of winter wheat (BBCH 32 – Moddus 250 EC and Cecefon 465 SL), together with the adjuvant Atpolan 80 EC (75% of SN 200 mineral oil) or without the adjuvant. Winter wheat, cv. 'Muza', was grown after vetch grown for seed. The whole experiment was sprayed with the herbicides Apyros 75 WG and Starane 250 EC at the full tillering stage (BBCH 29–30). Plots where no growth regulators were used were the control treatment.
Weed density and biomass showed great variation between years. In the winter wheat crop, Veronica persica, Viola arvensis, Veronica arvensis, Capsella bursa-pastoris,and Chenopodium album dominated in the dicotyledonous class, whereas Apera spica-venti, Echinochloa crus-galli,and Elymus repens were predominant among monocotyledonous plants. The level of weed infestation of the winter wheat crop, as measured by the number and air-dry weight of weeds, was significantly differentiated by years and retardants used as well as by interactions of these factors. The adjuvant Atpolan 80 EC did not have a significant effect on the above-mentioned weed infestation parameters.
.Keywords
Full Text:
PDFReferences
Adamczewski K. 2000. Rozwój metod zwalczania i perspektywy ograniczania chwastów. / Weed control method development and perspectives of reduction of weed density. Prog. Plant Protection / Post. Ochr. Roślin 40 (1): 101–111. (in Polish)
Adamczewski K., Praczyk T. 1997. Regulatory wzrostu i rozwoju roślin. / Growth regulators and plant growth. PWN (L. Jankiewicz ed.), 167–177 (in Polish).
Anjum T., Bajwa R. 2010. Competition losses caused by Rumex dentatus L. and Chenopodium album L. in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.). Philipp. Agricul. Sci: 93 (3): 365–368.
Beres B.L., Harker K.N., Clayton G.W., Bremer E., Blackshaw R.E., Graf R.J. 2010. Weed-competitive ability of spring and winter cereals in the Northern Great Plains. Weed Tech. 24 (2): 108–116. http://dx.doi.org/10.1614/WT-D-09-00036.1
Bujak K. 1996. Plonowanie i zachwaszczenie roślin 4–polowego płodozmianu w warunkach uprawy roli na erodowanej glebie lessowej. II. Jęczmień jary. / Yielding and weed infestation of plants in 4-plot rotation in the conditions of simplified cultivation on the eroded less soil. II. Spring barley. Ann. UMCS, Sect. E 51: 19–23. (in Polish)
Buraczyńska D., Ceglarek F. 2008. Wpływ przedplonu na zachwaszczenie pszenicy ozimej. / Impact of previous crop on winter wheat weed infestation. Prog. Plant Protection/Post. Ochr. Roślin. 48 (4): 1407–1411. (in Polish)
Braun-Blanquet J. 1964. Pflanzensoziologie. Grundzüge der Vegetationskunde. 3. Aufl. Springer-Verlag, Wien-New York: ss. 865. (in German)
Cox W.J., Otis D.J. 1989. Growth and yield of winter wheat as influenced by chlormequat chloride and ethephon. Agron. J. 81: 264–270. http://dx.doi.org/10.2134/agronj1989.00021962008100020025x
Dastgheib F., Kumar K., Goh K.M. 1999. Weed infestations in wheat cropping systems as affected by crop residues and their management practices. Biological Agriculture & Horticulture: Int. J. Sustan. Prod. Syst. 16 (4): 395–407. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/01448765.1999.9755242
Gaskin R.E., Murray R. J., Krishna H., Car -penter A. 2000. Effect of adjuvants on the retention of insecticide spray on cucumber and pea foliage. New Zeal Plant Prot. 53: 355–359.
Hochół T. 2003. Chwasty czy rośliny towarzyszące roślinom? / Weeds or plants accompanying crops? Pam. Puł. 134: 89–96. (in Polish)
Kierzek R., Głowacki G. 2004. Łączne stosowanie regulatorów wzrostu Moddus 250 EC i Antywylegacz Płynny 675 SL w pszenicy ozimej. / Application of plant growth regulators Moddus 250 EC and Antywylegacz Płynny 675 SL in winter wheat. Progr. Plant Protection/Post. Ochr. Roślin 44(2): 823–827. (in Polish)
Korres N.E., Froud-Williams R.J. 2002. Effect of winter wheat cultivars and seed rate on biological characteristics of naturally occurring weed flora. Weed Res. 42 (6): 417–428. http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-3180.2002.00302.x
Kwiatkowski C., Wesołowski M. 2011. Wpływ adiuwantów oraz zredukowanych dawek środków ochrony roślin na zachwaszczenie pszenicy ozimej / Effect of adjuvants and reduced doses of pesticides on weed infestation in winter wheat. Progr. Plant Protection/Post. Ochr. Roślin 51 (1): 348–353 (in Polish).
Łęgowiak Z., Wysmułek A. 2000. Stosowanie regulatorów wzrostu w zbożach. / Application of plant growth regulators in cereals. Progr. Plant Protection/Post. Ochr. Roślin 40 (2): 932–934 (in Polish).
Mirek Z., Piękoś-Mirkowa H., Zając A., Zając M. 2002. Flowering plants and pteridophytes of Poland. W. Szafer Institute of Botan, Polish Academy of Sciences.
Pietryga J., Drzewicki S. 2003. Wpływ regulatora Moddus 250 EC na wzrost, plonowanie i wybrane cechy technologiczne ziarna pszenicy ozimej. / Effect of the growth regulator Moddus 250 EC on growth, yield and some technological characteristics of winter wheat grain. Progr. Plant Protection/Post. Ochr. Roślin 43 (2): 857–862. (in Polish)
Rajala A., Peltonen-Sainio P. 2001. Grain and oil crops: Plant growth regulator effects on spring cereal root and shoot growth. Agron. J. 93: 936–943.
Skrzyczyńska J., Pawlonka Z. 1999. Zachwaszczenie pszenicy ozimej na Nizinie Południowopodlaskiej. / Weed infestation of winter wheat in the South Podlasie Lowland. Pam. Puł. 118: 375–382. (in Polish)
Skrzyczyńska J., Pawlonka Z. 2004. Wpływ stosowania retardantu wzrostu na wschody i rozwój chwastów w pszenżycie ozimym w warunkach zróżnicowanego nawożenia azotowego. / Effect of growth retardant on weed sprouting and development in winter triticale under different levels of nitrogen fertilisation. Acta Sci. Pol. Agricultura 3 (2): 61–67. (in Polish)
Smatana J., Vereš T., Smatanová N., Kobulnický P. 2010. Weed infestation dynamics in the winter wheat (Triticum aestivum l.) canopy. Res. J. Agric. Sci. 42 (1): 275–278.
Szeleźniak E., Grabiński J., Nieróbca P. 2007. Zachwaszczenie trzech gatunków zbóż uprawianych w płodozmianie zbożowym w zależności od stopnia intensywności technologii produkcji. / Weed infestation of three grain species cultivated under cereal crop rotation and three technologies varying in production intensity. Prog. Plant Protection/Post. Ochr. Roślin 47 (3): 276–279. (in Polish)
Wesołowski M., Gregorczyk K., Woźniak A. 1993. Następczy wpływ plantacji nasiennych traw na plonowanie i zachwaszczenie pszenicy ozimej. Cz. II. Zachwaszczenie pszenicy. / The consequent effect of a seeded grass plantation on yield and weed infestation of winter wheat. II. Weed infestation of wheat. Rocz. Nauk Roln. Seria A 109 (4): 183–189. (in Polish)
Wesołowski M., Woźniak A. 2001. Zachwaszczenie aktualne i potencjalne zbóż jarych w różnych systemach następstwa roślin. / Present and potential weed infestation of spring cereals in different cropping system. Acta Agrobot. 54 (1): 175–190 (in Polish).
DOI: https://doi.org/10.5586/aa.2013.030
|
|
|
