{"id":12741,"date":"2018-02-26T15:16:41","date_gmt":"2018-02-26T14:16:41","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/pbsociety.org.pl\/default-old\/?page_id=12741"},"modified":"2018-02-26T15:16:41","modified_gmt":"2018-02-26T14:16:41","slug":"wiadomosci-botaniczne-453-4-2001","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/pbsociety.org.pl\/default-old\/dzialalnosc-wydawnicza\/wiadomosci-botaniczne\/wiadomosci-botaniczne-453-4-2001\/","title":{"rendered":"Wiadomo\u015bci Botaniczne 45(3\/4), 2001"},"content":{"rendered":"

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\nHistoria szaty ro\u015blinnej Krakowa i jego najbli\u017cszych okolic [The history of the plant vegetation of Cracow and its vicinity]
\nEwa Zastawniak
\nThe oldest plant remains from Krak6w and its vicinity come from the Upper Carboniferous Kwacza\u0142a Arkose – they are numerous silicified Dadoxylon trunks – remnants of a petrified forest. Somewhat younger are remnants of a Permian forest preserved in the Karniowice travertine. Mesozoic vegetation is illustrated by the fossil flora of Lower Jurassic clays in Grojec and coniferous and ginkgoalen remains from the Middle Jurassic at Zabierz\u00f3w and Mir\u00f3w. The silicified cycadeoid stem Raumeria (Cycadeoidea) reichenbachiana Goeppert derives from the Lower Cretaceous strata near Wieliczka. The younger plant remains in the Krak0w region are not known before the Neogene – they are the numerous Middle Miocene fossil fruits and seeds from salt deposits at Wieliczka and the leaf flora from Swoszowice. The development of Pleistocene vegetation was described from Krak6w and its vicinity. Full glacial of the last glaciation was characterized by woodless tundra, and pine forest, willow brushwood, willow-poplar riparian forests and tundra vegetation developed in Late Glacial. The changes of plant cover in the Holocene were established on the basis of pollen diagrams from Niepolomice forest. The impact of human activites on vegetation was described on the basis of the archaeobotanical investigations of the Neolithic settlement in Plesz\u00f3w and Mogi\u0142a as well as medieval culture layers of Wawel and Main Market Square in Krak\u00f3w.
\nS\u0142owa kluczowe: Fossil plants, Palaeozoic, Mesozoic, Kenozoic, Cracow
\nStrony: 7-14<\/p>\n

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\nGeitonogamia wewn\u0119trzna [Internal geitonogamy]
\nMa\u0142gorzata Flis, Andrzej Jankun
\nGeitonogamy (the pollination between flowers on the same plant) has important implications for sex-allocation theory, the evolution of dioecy and other issues in evolutionary biology. Internal geitonogamy is a unique self-pollination system that occurs in the genus Callitriche L. In this system self-fertilization is effected by pollen tube growth through vegetative tissues from the staminate to pistillate flowers. Internal geitonogamy occurs in seven of ca 50 species of Callitriche (C. heterophvlla Pursh, C. heteropoda Engelm., C. lechleri (Hegelm.) Fassett, C. nubigena Fassett, C. rimosa Fassett, C. trochlearis Fassett, C. verna L.). Internal geitonogamy is correlated with the amphibious growth habit and polyploidy. However, not all polyploid amphibious species of Callitriche have internal geitonogamy. Correlation between internal geitonogamy and geographic distribution is not apparent. There is a tendency for species that possess internal geitonogamy to occur at higher elevations than those that lack this system. Callitriche is the genus in which aerial, water surface, and submerged pollination systems are all reported. Geitonogamy, the primary mode of pollination in this genus, can be realized in two ways: I). with contact between anther and stigma („contacters”); 2). without contact between anther and stigma („non-contacters”).
\nS\u0142owa kluczowe: Callitriche, geitonogamy, internal geitonogamy, pollination
\nStrony: 15-26<\/p>\n

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\nZastosowanie mikroorganizm\u00f3w glebowych do aktywnej ochrony ro\u015blin zielnych [The use of soil microorganisms in active protection of herbaceous plants]
\nSzymon Zuberek
\nThe paper presents different possibilities to use soil microorganisms in active protection of plant species in in situ and ex situ conditions. Plant species protection has been carried out since the middle ages to preserve native species, especially the rare, endemic and endangered ones. Presently, not only passive, but also active protection has been used in many cases. Nevertheless, soil microorganisms are not involved in those procedures, although they provide a lot of opportunities to protect plants in an active way. Soil is an environment inhabited by pathogens as well as organisms promoting plant growth. Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF), plant-growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR), nitrogen fixing bacteria and mycorrhizal helper bacteria (MHB) are those soil organisms which may be used to protect endangered plant species. Symbiotic fungi give host plants many benefits, e.g. better mineral nutrition, protection from root pathogens, heavy metals toxicity, droughts, salinity. The presence in the rhizosphere of PGPR (producing substances stimulating plant growth) and nitrogen fixing bacteria (lack of nitrogen limits plant growth) are also important to plants. This is why endangered species should be inoculated with those microorganisms in in situ or ex situ sites. Unfortunately the above mentioned methods are not common nowadays, but they should be included in natural protection programs.
\nS\u0142owa kluczowe: endangered plant species, soil microorganisms, active plant protection
\nStrony: 27-34<\/p>\n

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\nRola i znaczenie polisacharyd\u00f3w sinic w przyrodzie i biotechnologii [Role of cyanobacterial polysaccharides in environment and biotechnology]
\nZbigniew Lechowski, Jan Bia\u0142czyk
\nAs depending of their location polysaccharides of cyanobacteria can be divided into the following groups: (a) these contained in cells as the storage material (glycogen), (b) constituting the structural material of cell walls, (c) constituting the cell envelope, and (d) released to the aquatic environment. The two last sub-groups are exocellular polysaccharides. The results of current studies show the occurrence of pronounced divergences in the chemical composition of exocellular polysaccharides, depending on the species or even the strain. In the composition of this sub-group of polysaccharides ten monosaccharides belonging to hexoses, deoxyhexoses, pentoses, and acidic hexoses were found to occur. In some cases the occurrence of methyl sugars and amino sugars was determined. Another important feature that contributes to the chemical character of polysaccharides is the occurrence of polypeptide moiety or other non-saccharidic compounds such as organic (e.g., acetyl, pyruvyl, and succinyl groups) or inorganic ones (e.g., sulphate or phosphate groups and Ca2+ ion substituents). Most exocellular polysaccharides show an anionic nature due to the presence of acidic hexoses and\/or other charged groups. Of the basic physical traits of polysaccharides are the high viscosity of water solutions, the capacity of gelation, elasticity, and the stability of water emulsions. Apart from the significant role (among other functions they constitute a physico-chemical barrier dividing cells from the environment, preventing their desiccation, and protecting them against the attack of pathogenes) exocellular polysaccharides find a wide biotechnological use in numerous industries. They are used in food industry (e.g., in the production of a vegetal variety of gelatine, ice cream, or jellies), in pharmaceutical industry as a component of numerous drugs, in textile industry (for end-use finish), fat industry (for waste fat recovery), and cosmetic industry (in suspensions and emulsions). Moreover, the high biological activity of polysaccharides manifested as antimicrobial, antiviral, antioxidant, antimutagenic, anticancerogenic, and immunostimulanting activity, opens new perspectives of their use in medicine.
\nS\u0142owa kluczowe: composition of exocellular polysaccharides, cyanobacteria, potential application of cyanobacterial polysaccharides
\nStrony: 35-51<\/p>\n

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\nBotanika w Sieci [Botany on the Net]
\nBeata Paszko, El\u017cbieta Cie\u015blak, Wojciech Paul
\nThe range of information on botany currently available via the Internet is reviewed and its accessibility, usefulness and relevance to botanical research assessed. List of Internet addresses is intended to provide an entry point into a very large and constantly changing pool of information interesting to botanists. Some commercial and non-commercial databases are reviewed. One of the major advantages to botanists of this information explosion is that extensive information is accessible from one’s desk. The addresses below have been obtained from the Internet.
\nS\u0142owa kluczowe: botany, Internet, search engines, databases, Virtual Library
\nStrony: 53-66<\/p>\n

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\nPortrety botanik\u00f3w polskich [Portraits of Polish botanists]
\nStrony: 67-68<\/p>\n

Jadwiga Wo\u0142oszy\u0144ska
\nPiotr K\u00f6hler<\/p>\n

Antoni J\u00f3zef \u017bmuda
\nMicha\u0142 Zagulskij<\/p>\n

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\nRozstania [Obituaries]
\nStrony: 69-77<\/p>\n

Algirdas Lekavi\u010dius (1921-1999)
\nRyszard Plackowski<\/p>\n

Prof. dr hab. Alicja Zurzycka (1922-2000)
\nJanina Fiema, Bernadeta Piskorz-Bi\u0144czycka<\/p>\n

Prof. dr hab. Helena Wcis\u0142o (1920-2000)
\nLes\u0142aw Przywara, El\u017cbieta Kuta<\/p>\n

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\nRocznice, jubileusze [Anniversaries, jubilees]
\nStrony: 77-88<\/p>\n

Profesor dr hab. Kazimierz Zarzycki – jubileusz 70-lecia [Professor Kazimierz Zarzycki – jubilee of his 70th birthday]
\nKrystyna Grodzi\u0144ska<\/p>\n

Jubileusz 70. urodzin Profesora dr hab. Leona Stuchlika [The seventhieth anniversary of Professor Leon Stuchlik birthday]
\nEwa Zastawniak<\/p>\n

Jubileusz Profesora dr hab. K. Rosta\u0144skiego [Jubilee of Professor dr hab. K. Rosta\u0144ski]
\nAdam Zaj\u0105c<\/p>\n

Pro memoria (L. A. M\u0142okosiewicz, T. Ciesielski, F. D. Kamie\u0144ski, A. Czartkowski, P. Oficjalski, W. O\u0142tuszewski, K. Wallisch, F. Sawiczewski, J. Trzebi\u0144ski, J. Wo\u0142oszy\u0144ska, H. F. Strankowska, J. H. Michejdowa, S. A. Krupko)
\nAlicja Zemanek<\/p>\n

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\nSprawozdania ze spotka\u0144 naukowych [Scientific meeting reports]
\nStrony: 88-102<\/p>\n

Jubileuszowa konferencja dla uczczenia 60-lecia pracy naukowej Profesor Aliny Skirgie\u0142\u0142o (Bory Tuchol\u00adskie, 18-20 pa\u017adziernika 1999) [Jubilee conference to honour 60 years of scientific career of Professor Alina Skirgie\u0142\u0142o (Bory Tucholskie, Poland, 18-20 October 1999)]
\nMa\u0142gorzata Stasi\u0144ska<\/p>\n

Sesja Naukowa „Przyroda-Nauka-Kultura” (Humanisty\u00adczny kontekst nauk przyrodniczych u progu XXI w.) (Krak\u00f3w, 26-27 czerwca 2000) [Scientific session „Nature-Science-Culture” (humanistic context of natural sciences at the beginning of 21st century) (Cracow, Poland, 26-27 June 2000)]
\nAlicja Zemanek<\/p>\n

IV Og\u00f3lnopolskie Spotkanie Naukowe „Taksonomia, kariologia i rozmieszczenie traw w Polsce” (Krak\u00f3w, 16-17 listopada 2000) [4th National Scientific Meeting „Taxonomy, karyology and distribution of grasses in Poland” (Cracow, Poland, 16-17 November 2000)]
\nLudwik Frey, Marta Mizianty<\/p>\n

Kurs terenowy „Paleontologiczne opr\u00f3bkowywanie profil\u00f3w geologicznych” (Nowa Ruda, 18-20 maja 2001) [Field course „Paleontological sampling of geological profiles” (Nowa Ruda, Poland, 18-20 May 2001)]
\nAnna M. Ociepa, Grzegorz Pacyna<\/p>\n

XXIV Sympozjum „Geologia formacji w\u0119glono\u015bnych Polski” (Krak\u00f3w, 25-26 kwietnia 2001) [24th Symposium „Geology of Coal-Bearing Strata of Poland” (Krak\u00f3w, 25-26 April 2001)]
\nS\u0142awomir Florjan<\/p>\n

Fitogeografia historyczna i r\u00f3\u017cnicowanie ro\u015blin g\u00f3rskich – spotkanie botanik\u00f3w (Zurych, Szwajcaria, 1-3 czerwca 2001) [First Joint Botanical Mountain Phylogeography Meeting (Z\u00fcrich, Switzerland, 1-3 June 2001)]
\nMicha\u0142 Ronikier<\/p>\n

XII Sympozjum Mi\u0119dzynarodowej Grupy Roboczej Paleoetnobotaniki (Sheffield, Wielka Brytania, 17-23 czerwca 2001) [12th Symposium of the International Work Group for Palaeoethnobotany (Sheffield, UK, 17-23 June 2001)]
\nMonika Badura, Aldona Bieniek, Joanna \u015awi\u0119ta<\/p>\n

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\nZ \u017cycia PTB [Polish Botanical Society News]
\nStrony: 102-112<\/p>\n

XVII Konkurs dendrologiczny pod has\u0142em „Znam drzewa i krzewy” w \u0141odzi [17th Dendrological Competition „I know trees and shrubs” in \u0141\u00f3d\u017a]
\nJaros\u0142aw Sieradzki<\/p>\n

„Czwartki botaniczne” w Oddziale Krakowskim PTB w I i II kwartale 2001 r. [„Botanical Thursdays” at the Polish Botanical Society, Cracow Division, in the 1st and the 2nd quarter of 2001]
\nS\u0142awomir Florjan<\/p>\n

I Konkurs dendrologiczny w Cz\u0119stochowie „Znam drzewa i krzewy” [1st Dendrological Competition in Cz\u0119stochowa „I know trees and shrubs”]
\nJeremi Ko\u0142odziejek<\/p>\n

Zaszczytne wyr\u00f3\u017cnienie dla Prof. dr hab. Janusza B. Fali\u0144skiego [An honour to Prof. Janusz B. Fali\u0144ski]
\nZbigniew Mirek<\/p>\n

Polskie Towarzystwo Botaniczne w 2000 roku [Polish Botanical Society in 2000]
\nAlina Stachurska-Swako\u0144<\/p>\n

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\nVaria
\nStrony: 112-127<\/p>\n

„Flora ojczysta” – uwagi u\u017cytkownika [„Flora ojczysta” – user’s remarks]
\nWojciech Paul<\/p>\n

Europejskie i mi\u0119dzynarodowe kursy aerobiologiczne [European and international aerobiological courses]
\nDanuta St\u0119palska<\/p>\n

Szwedzki botanik w Tatrach [Swedish botanist in the Tatra Mountains]
\nLudwik Frey<\/p>\n

Jak uczy\u0142am si\u0119 oznacza\u0107 grzyby [How did I learn determining fungi]
\nWanda Truszkowska<\/p>\n

Leksykon botanik\u00f3w polskich: 39. Eugeniusz Jan Fr\u00f6hlich [Dictionary of Polish botanists: 39. Eugeniusz Jan Fr\u00f6hlich]
\nPiotr K\u00f3hler<\/p>\n

Leksykon botanik\u00f3w polskich: 40. Jadwiga Szarska (siostra Christofora) [Dictionary of Polish botanists: 40. Jadwiga Szarska (sister Christofora)]
\nPiotr K\u00f3hler<\/p>\n

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\nNowe periodyki i serie [New periodicals and series]
\nStrony: 127-128<\/p>\n

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\nRecenzje [Book reviews]
\nStrony: 128-148<\/p>\n

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\nNadchodz\u0105ce spotkania [Forthcoming meetings]
\nStrony: 148-148
\nJan J. W\u00f3jcicki<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Historia szaty ro\u015blinnej Krakowa i jego najbli\u017cszych okolic [The history of the plant vegetation of Cracow and its vicinity] Ewa Zastawniak The oldest plant remains from Krak6w and its vicinity come from the Upper Carboniferous Kwacza\u0142a Arkose – they are numerous silicified Dadoxylon trunks – remnants of a petrified forest. Somewhat younger are remnants […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":9,"featured_media":0,"parent":326,"menu_order":39,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-12741","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/pbsociety.org.pl\/default-old\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/12741","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/pbsociety.org.pl\/default-old\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/pbsociety.org.pl\/default-old\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/pbsociety.org.pl\/default-old\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/9"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/pbsociety.org.pl\/default-old\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=12741"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/pbsociety.org.pl\/default-old\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/12741\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":12744,"href":"https:\/\/pbsociety.org.pl\/default-old\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/12741\/revisions\/12744"}],"up":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/pbsociety.org.pl\/default-old\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/326"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/pbsociety.org.pl\/default-old\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=12741"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}